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Antibacterial gels and their effectivity
Horáček, Pavel ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
The Bachelor thesis focuses on the evaluation of the effectiveness of disinfectants and antibacterial hand gels, which are a good complement to personal hygiene and other factors to prevent various diseases, transmitted through the hands. A brief description of skin structure, classification of microflora on the hands, including a list of potential pathogenic microorganisms located on human skin and causing many diseases can be found in the theoretical part of this work. Content of the experimental part of this work was determination the effectiveness of tested antibacterial agents by indirect determination of the number of microorganisms on naturally contaminated hands by the cultivation method. Experimental part of this work evaluates the characteristics of the tested products by potential users in the form of sociological research.
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Patient as a partner in the hygienic hand desinfection program
FRISCHOVÁ, Kristýna
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of hygienic hand disinfection, its development, importance in healthcare, prescribed principles and techniques. The theoretical part also includes knowledge of prescribed disinfectants, their types, properties, requirements for them and placement in facilities providing health care. The second part deals with improving the quality of nursing care through the involvement of the patient and family members in the hygienic hand disinfection program. The information contained in this work was obtained exclusively from domestic or foreign literature. The practical part of the bachelor thesis is quantitative research, which also consists of two parts. In the first part, a survey using a non-standardized questionnaire was used as a data collection technique. In the second part, structured observations were used to collect data. The aim of the research was to analyze the current situation in the field of hygienic hand disinfection in patients in a selected hospital. Theoretical knowledge and practical skills were examined. The research was carried out in the surgical department and rehabilitation department of a regional hospital. The results of the research showed that the success rate of the questionnaire survey and observation is below 50 % in both cases. It was found that 44.0 % of respondents are sufficiently informed about the issue of hygienic hand disinfection and the process of hygienic hand disinfection was performer adequately by 33,0 % of respondents.
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Hand hygiene of preschool children as prevention of infectious diseases
LÍBALOVÁ, Sabina
Current state: According to World Health Organization up to 80% of infectious diseases are spread by contact. The easiest and most effective technique to prevent infectious diseases is a right technique of handwashing. The aim of the study is to evaluate preschool aged children knowledge and skills concerning area of prevention infectious diseases spread by insufficient hand hygiene. To evaluate whether preschool aged children keep the right technique of handwashing during, after and three weeks after the education. Methodology: The Quality quantitative research, group questioning and observation were used. The research focused on preschool children at age from 3 to 6 years old. 20 children in total participated the group questioning. During observation 103 children were present after three weeks education 62 children were present. The research was carried out at five nursery schools in Vysočina region. The choice of participants was intentional. Results: Research shows that preschool aged children have basic knowledge of prevention of infectious diseases spread by insufficient handwashing. Younger children (3 and 4 years old) possess lower knowledge of handwashing technique than older children (5 and 6 years old). At the same time boys made more mistakes than girls. After the education the knowledge of children rose, namely at 6 stages of handwashing (p<0,001). Statistically significant decrease of preschool aged children was not proved after three weeks education. Conclusion: The study confirmed importance of children´s nurses education concerning primarily preventive care. The study´s outcome is information booklets which are focused on prevention of infectious diseases. The booklets are meant for pedagogical staff of nursery schools, preschool aged children and their parents.
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Hand hygiene of nursing personnel - standards versus reality
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis entitled "Hand hygiene of nursing personnel - standards versus reality" was developed to map the standards of hand hygiene of nursing personnel to find out the differences between hand hygiene of nursing personnel in practice compared to prescribed standards. Standards is not always equal reality. Hand hygiene was often forgotten part of nursing care in hospitals. In this work, we also dealt with the differences between nursing personnel and differences that could be related to inconsistency.
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Prevention of nosocomial infections origin and spreading in Český Krumlov a.s. hospital
KOCOURKOVÁ, Lenka
The present Bachelor thesis focuses primarily on the prevention of occurrence of hospital-acquired infections and the causes of spread of these infections across healthcare facilities. The thesis relies on active communication with the coordinator for management of quality and safety of nursing care, who helpfully provided me with valid information and documents relating to the system of hospital-acquired infection prevention, and arranged for sampling for microbiological examinations in postoperative care departments (ONP) - ONP II and ONP - C III, the hospital Nemocnice Český Krumlov a.s. The Bachelor thesis consists of a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge related to nosocomial infections as such, the division and manner of transmission, with an emphasis of prevention of occurrence of these infections and spread of the same among "healthy hospitalized persons." The practical part explores the hospital's approved internal documents aimed at prevention of nosocomial infections and training of staff in the healthcare facility. Moreover, the practical part also verifies the prevention of nosocomial infections by means of microbiological tests. The entire research was carried out in cooperation with two hospitals: Nemocnice Český Krumlov a.s., i.e. the location of sampling, and Nemocnice a.s. Prachatice, the location of microbiological processing. The laboratory-based research part was solved in a microbiology laboratory in the hospital Nemocnice Prachatice a.s., with the aim of identifying the individual microorganisms from the smears taken in the postoperative care department in the hospital in Český Krumlov. These smears reflect the quality of the performed hygiene in connection with the risk of occurrence of nosocomial infections. In addition to laboratory-based research activities, the present thesis also examines the current quality and processing of the hospital's internal documents relating to the prevention of nosocomial infections and the training schedule for the hospital's staff in this respect - trainings are conducted on an annual basis. The thesis is concluded by a summary of isolated microorganisms and comparison of these microorganisms in the framework of the two hospital departments. Last but not least, the presence of highly infectious agents for occurrence of nosocomial infections is excluded on the basis of valid legislation. The thesis also provides a result of qualitative processing in a form of recommendations e.g. for improvement of purpose-directed cleaning. The thesis may therefore be used as a tool for improving awareness of this problem area.
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Teaching methods for hand hygiene
Hájková, Iveta ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kulířová, Veronika (referee)
Introduction to the issue and the importance of the topic: The subject of this diploma thesis is to focus on issues related to teaching methods for the practice of hand hygiene in health care professionals in medical facilities. The issue of increasing efficiency in education is today an increasingly relevant topic supporting the activity of every person. In medical facilities, we encounter a problem with employee motivation, mutual interaction and communication when practicing new nursing procedures (hand hygiene), (Cullen, 2017). Unfortunately, most lecturers still teach only traditional teaching methods and use activating methods minimally or not at all (Sitná et al., 2009). Such a stereotype in the teaching process often provides only mechanical reproduction of the learned content. There is no consideration of understanding and practical interconnection, which is often boring and cumbersome for employees (Duran et al., 2017). The lecturer should pass on theoretical knowledge and practical skills to the given employees and thus develop their attitudes necessary for the performance of their profession (Vengl, 2011). Although much attention is paid to education in the literature, the methods used are often briefly characterized and listed by the authors. The primary focus of this work is on...
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Hand hygiene of healthcare workers providing care in a medical facility
Hájková, Iveta ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kulířová, Veronika (referee)
The subject of the bachelor thesis is focused on issues related to hand hygiene in health care workers, in the provision of care in the health facility. Even though this topic is often mentioned, it is in practice less understood or misinterpreted. Sometimes, it is neglected or downplayed by health workers. The theoretical part is divided into 7 chapters. Here is anatomy and physiology of the skin, microbiological and epidemiological situation, measures aimed at eliminating the source and avoiding the route of transmission, effective methods of disinfection, sterilization, elimination of microorganisms and their transmission, in the health facility. Hand hygiene and its techniques, proper use of personal protective equipment, nail hygiene and, last but not least, skin care. Explaining the concept of hospital infection, which increases morbidity and mortality of patients, increases both diagnostic and therapeutic interventions and generally aggravates the quality of care provided with prolonging the period of hospitalization. I have worked on a search for relevant resources on the subject. The sources I drew mainly from WHO guidelines, CDC, Decree No. 306/2012 Coll. and on the basis of a literature search from the National Medical Library. I received the consent to perform the action research from...
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Safety and health protection in the work of nurses at an acute care department
SVOBODOVÁ, Helena
The thesis dealing with the occupational safety and health protection for acute care department nurses had three goals. The first goal was to map the specifics of health protection and safety at work for acute care department nurses. The second goal was to ascertain the most frequent occurrence of failures to adhere to the H&S rules. The third goal was to find out whether the duration of the practice and the level of education affect the H&S knowledge among nurses. Qualitative as well as quantitative research was applied to the ascertainment of the answers to the prepared questions. When the two kinds of research had been set it was necessary to set research questions and hypotheses. The method of hidden observation of nurses working at an anaesthesiology and resuscitation department was applied within the qualitative research. Ten nurses were observed. The method of questionnaire survey sent through the Internet was used to obtain the quantitative results. Surprisingly, two hundred and forty respondents replied to the questionnaire. To confirm the hypotheses a statistical processing was carried out, which confirmed or refuted the significance level of the individual questions and replies. The asset of this work and of a part of its results is a finding that nurses from an anaesthesiology and resuscitation department are aware of the necessity of the adherence to the H&S rules and instructions, which protects their health, but they fail to do it in practice. This is why the results of this thesis might stimulate further solutions. The thesis also contains a proposal how to deal with complicated situations. All solutions are however completely individual and depend on the internal and further rules set by the hospital management.
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The use of gloves in nursing care.
REJNARTOVÁ, Květa
Current Situation: New demands in health care are on the rise, especially in nursing care. Protection against infection is an integral part of this process. Every hospital has developed standards that describe the use of gloves during certain procedures. Glove use protects the nurse as well as the patient from infections. The responsibility of every health worker is to comply with these standards and norms. The Bachelor's thesis "The Use of Gloves in Nursing Practice" informs about the real practices regarding compliance with the standards and also about the occurrence of allergies. Aim of the research: The aim of the research survey was to verify theoretical knowledge, such as standards and norms, related to procedures during which the medical staff use gloves and compare this knowledge with the actual compliance. Two aims were selected: 1. Evaluate the use of gloves in healthcare according to the standards and compare them with reality. 2. Determine the occurrence of allergies in medical personnel related to the use of gloves. Methodology: The empirical part of the research survey was conducted using qualitative research. The data were collected anonymously in three hospitals by means of a semi-structured interview. The interview consisted of three identification and eight open-ended questions. All the interviews were rewritten and analyzed by a "paper and pencil" method. Hidden observations were carried out before the interviews and recorded on the sheet. Results: The results of the research survey showed that there were differences between the theoretical training of medical personnel and the practical implementation according to the standards. Glove use is perceived as insignificant and most of the procedures are done without them. Medical personnel do not realize the importance of the standards and they behave as they see fit, not afraid of transmission of infection. They do not endanger only themselves, but the patients as well. The occurrence of latex allergy among medical personnel was confirmed. This allergy appears despite the better quality of gloves and their availability. The analysis of the research survey showed that the quality of gloves is also key to compliance with standards. Management should carry out more frequent inspections and audits. Conclusion: The Bachelor's thesis explored the discrepancies between theory and practice in patient care according to standards. Hospitals should not focus only on the economic aspect of protection of medical personnel but should purchase quality gloves. Training in glove use should be regular and consistent with the standards. The issue could be solved by regular inspections by the management of the department and regular audits. Next solution could be an adequate motivation of medical personnel by the hospital management. Protection of an individual means protection of the entire health facility.
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